There are numerous diseases that can cause serious complications and may prove fatal yet cancer is considered to be the most dreadful among all diseases. The mere thought of cancer sends shivers down the spine. Cancer treatment in India is available at a low cost.
What is Cancer?
Cancer is a general term for a group of diseases regarding which origin, causes, and occurrence are not clear and characteristics vary from patient to patient. However, in broader terms, cancer describes the disease that results when cellular changes cause the uncontrolled growth and division of cells.
Our body cells have fixed life-spans. They die with their age to be replaced with new cells. When cancer develops, cancerous cells, that lack the components that instruct them to stop dividing and to die, keep on dividing uncontrollably. As a result, they build up to form tumors that impair the immune system and cause other changes that interfere with the normal functioning of the body.
The factors that are known to cause cancer are:
• Genetic changes
• Lifestyles
Cancer is caused by changes in genes – the basic physical unit of our inheritance. Cancer-causing lifestyles and environmental exposures include usage of substances such as chemicals in tobacco smoke, alcohol, and radiation due to ultraviolet rays from the sun can be the potential risk factors in the development of cancer.
Later, cancer cells break away from the place of their origin i.e. primary cancer, spread through the bloodstream or lymph system and form new tumors in other parts of the body. The spread of cancerous cells is termed as metastasis.
Cancers may be described by the type of cells that forms them, such as epithelial cells are classified as:
• Carcinoma
• Sarcoma
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma
• Multiple Myeloma
• Melanoma
• Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors
Early Warning Sign of Cancer
The early warning signs of cancer are:
• Changes in bowel or bladder habits
• A sore that does not heal
• Unusual bleeding or discharge
• Thickening or lump formation in the breast or elsewhere
• Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
• Obvious change in a wart or mole
• Nagging cough or hoarseness
• White patches inside the mouth or on tongue i.e. Leukoplakia that can become Mouth Cancer
In addition, unexplained weight loss, fever, pain, fatigue and skin changes may also be there.
Types of Cancer
1) Kidney Cancer
Kidney cancer occurs when a malignant tumor forms in the tissue of a kidney. Obesity, smoking, kidney dialysis, and hypertension may increase the risk of kidney cancer.
2) Liver Cancer
Liver cancer begins in the tissues of the liver. Cirrhosis, diabetes and chronic infection with hepatitis B or C virus besides heavy alcohol use, drugs, smoking, obesity, and unprotected sex are risk factors for liver cancer.
3) Colon Cancer
Generally, colon cancer begins as a collection of cells called polyps which may not be cancerous initially but later can develop into colon cancer.
4) Breast Cancer
Breast cancer, caused by malignant growth of cells lining the lobules or ducts of the breast, is characterized by abnormal breast cells that multiply uncontrollably and form tumor/s that may undergo metastasis and spread to other parts of the body.
5) Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer develops when cells that line the cervix begin to change abnormally. It is almost exclusively caused by human- papilloma-virus (HPV). The HPV vaccine has significantly decreased cases of cervical cancer.
6) Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer begins in the tissues of the pancreas and spreads quickly and is not detected until advanced. Smoking and diabetes are risk factors for pancreatic cancer.
7) Bone Cancer
Bone cancer is quite rare and can begin in any bone and most commonly affects pelvis or long bones in arms and legs.
8) Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer originates in the ovaries, similar to cancers that develop in fallopian tubes and peritoneum. It may spread to other organs and tissues in the abdomen, pelvis and lymph nodes or to distant sites such as the lungs.
Top 5 Most Dangerous Cancers in Men and Women
The 5 most dangerous cancers in men and women are:
• Lung
• Pancreas
• Breast
• Colon
• Prostrate
The cancer treatment In India has taken a big stride and India is emerging as a potential hub for treating all types of cancer, successfully.
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